Focal Therapy Options in Treatment of Primary Localised Prostate Cancer: Literature Review

Activity: Talk or presentation types › Oral presentation

Description

Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment have improved since the end of 1980s, starting with early detection possible through PSA testing leading to multiparametric MRI and transperineal biopsy. Primary localized PCa patients have two main treatment strategies: active surveillance or radical treatment (surgery or external beam radiation). Both options impact patients` compliance, anxiety, quality of life, and carry the risk of complications. Focal therapy offers active treatment with reduced treatment toxicity and acceptable oncological outcomes. . We reviewed the literature on two focal therapy methods – cryoablation and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), including their descriptions, outcomes, and complications.. Over the last two decades, focal therapy treatment has been continuously reviewed. At this point, HIFU studies show two treatment strategies: full gland ablation and focal ablation. Full gland ablation with HIFU in patients with low- to medium-risk cancer has a long-term effect and a survival rate of 10-15 years. Focal HIFU has promising results for localized PCa in the medium term. Cryotherapy studies of low- to intermediate-risk localized PCa also show promising results for both whole gland and focal ablation in the medium term. Some studies have evaluated functional indicators in addition to oncological indicators. Complications after HIFU therapy are often minor and insignificant, with 93-95% of patients being continent 12 months after focal HIFU therapy. Cryotherapy has a similar rate of continence, with 90.5% of patients being continent during the 12-month follow-up period. Erectile function is preserved in over half of cases (69%-80%) after focal therapy.. Focal therapy aims to preserve healthy tissue and treat the tumor, while maintaining good functional and oncological outcomes. HIFU is a viable option for focal therapy, offering a range of treatment strategies from focal to complete gland ablation. Focal therapy will have an important role in the treatment of localized PCa in next few years.
Period29 Mar 2023
Event titleRSU International Research Conference 2023: Knowledge for Use in Practice
Event typeConference
OrganiserRīga Stradiņš University
LocationRiga, LatviaShow on map
Degree of RecognitionInternational

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