The discovery of Hydrogen electrode reference E ̊H= -0.2965 Volts in absolute potential scale synchronizes the sciences with absolute free energy scale.

Description

Abstract. Alberty-based Absolute free energy content GH2gas=85.6 kJ/mol for gas, GH2aqua=103 kJ/mol for water and
GH(Pt)=51 kJ/mol for metallic hydrogen at zero reference GH2O=GCO2gas=0 kJ/mol background energy for water and carbon dioxide for CO2gas gas. [8,15] Metal hydrogen zero classic standard potential reference is used in its hydroxonium cations {H3O+]=1.01 M solution of sulfuric acid concentration [H2SO4]=1 M with 1.061 g/mL density. Since Nernst Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920th all electrochemistry series reductant oxidation reactions standard potentials are determined relative to hydrogen metal half reaction H(Pt)=H++e classic standard potential E˚H zero. [1,11]
Quantitative studies of the functional activity of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water protolysis reveal generated diverse Life-Organization Attractors: water concentration [H2O]=55.3 mol/Liter, pH=7.36, reactivity of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), air oxygen level 20.95 % , osmolar concentration 0.305 M, ionic strength 0.25 M, temperature 310.15 K degrees, etc. . [1,15] High rate protolysis in water make oxygen fire safe , CA functionally activates carbon dioxide by reacting with two water molecules to produce H3O++HCO3- concentration gradients on either side of the membrane for osmosis against concentration gradients but for the transport of protons and bicarbonate ions down through protons and bicarbonate ions channels.
Former publications reveal indispensible accounting the water and hydroxonium in Thermodynamic expressions of reactions including protolysis and electrochemistry Nernst’s half reactions. [8,14,15] Studies reach a reference value of 0.10166 Volts for the thermodynamic standard potential of metallic hydrogen. Behalf of Alberty given data about free energy of Hydrogen GH2gas=85.6 kJ/mol , GH2aqua=103 kJ/mol have detected the E˚H=-0.2965 Volts Absolute standard Potential as trusted absolute reference value of electrode with Absolute Free Energy change value ΔGeq=-28.6 kJ/mol..
Key Words: Physical Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Thermodynamics; Attractors; Biochemistry.

Period	19 Apr 2024
Event title	10th International Conference on New Trends in Chemistry
Event type	Conference
Conference number	10
Location	Budapest, HungaryShow on map
Degree of Recognition	International