Identification of genes and gene proteins responsible for adhesions in newborns

Title in Latvian "Par saaugumiem atbildīgo gēnu un gēnu proteīnu noteikšana jaundzimušajiem"

Congenital intra-abdominal adhesions are a condition that can cause small bowel obstruction at any age, but are more common in the pediatric and neonatal population. Intra-abdominal adhesions are abnormal connections between the small and large bowel, peritoneum, anterior abdominal wall, and intra-abdominal organs. The cause of these adhesions is still unknown, but it has been shown that it is not related to embryogenic remnants (such as remnants of the omphalomesenteric cord or yolk sac) or inflammatory diseases and surgical procedures. Congenital intra-abdominal adhesions are difficult to diagnose, and deaths have been documented when the diagnosis is made late.
Ladd's band are a type of congenital intra-abdominal adhesion - they are fibrous ligaments that extend from the large bowel to the abdominal wall. The main cause is thought to be abnormal intestinal rotation during the embryonic period, and these ligaments can lead to small bowel obstruction. Some reports suggest that certain genes associated with intestinal malrotation may contribute to the formation of Ladd's band.
Infection is a potential cause of inflammation and intra-abdominal adhesions. It has been described that fibrotic adhesions may form in cases of inflammation if tissue repair is impaired due to inadequate clearance of inflammatory end products.
To determine the genetic basis of congenital intra-abdominal adhesions and thus the possible cause, it is essential to study the genes involved in intestinal development. Several genes involved in intestinal development have been described, such as Caudal Type Homeobox 1 (CDX1), Indian Hedgehog gene (IHH), Sonic Hedgehog gene (SHH), GATA Binding Protein 4 (GATA4), Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1).
Based on the above, the aim is to study the expression of CDX1, IHH, SHH, GATA4, FOXA1 genes in congenital and post-inflammatory intra-abdominal adhesions and to determine the possible role of these genes in the origin of intra-abdominal adhesions.