The Baltic Russophone identity in flux: Political behavior, boundary making, and media practices after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine

Latvia and Estonia are countries with the largest share of Russian-speaking minorities in the European Union. Russia\'s full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 has created unprecedented existential challenges for these linguistic communities. But for scholars this has illuminated many unknowns regarding Russian-speakers identity. Cultural identification with Russia has never been a clear-cut choice to Baltic Russophones, but now it also becomes a morally constrained choice. Moreover, the upheaval caused by the war has enabled symbolic violence against the Russophone community. The aim of the research project is to study the identity dynamics of Latvian and Estonian Russophones in the light of Russia’s invasion. “Identity dynamics” is understood as the process in which permanent social positions and collective self-image are constructed and situated. In particular, the project focuses on boundary making, political behavior, and media practices. The project research strategy is built on a complex set of methods which include focus groups, surveys, media diaries and online ethnography. The dynamic research design is set to explore the transformation of the Russian-speakers’ identity over time, shedding light on socio-political developments within and outside Latvia and Estonia.