A novel sol-gel Bi2-xHfxO3+x/2 radiopacifier for mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) as dental filling materials

Tzu Sen Yang, May Show Chen, Cheng Jyun Huang, Chin Yi Chen, Agnese Brangule, Aleksej Zarkov, Aivaras Kareiva, Chung Kwei Lin, Jen Chang Yang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)
13 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is well known as an effective root canal filling material for endodontics therapy. Within MTA, bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) serving as the radiopacifier still has biocompatibility concerns due to its mild cytotoxicity. In the present study, we tried to modify the Bi2O3 radiopacifier by doping hafnium ions via the sol-gel process and investigated the effects of different doping ratios (Bi2-xHfxO3+x/2, x = 0–0.3) and calcination temperatures (400–800 °C). We mixed various precursor mixtures of bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) and hafnium sulfate (Hf(SO4)2) and controlled the calcination temperatures. The as-prepared Hf-doped Bi2O3 radiopaci-fier powders were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Portland cement/radiopacifier/calcium sulfate (75/20/5) were mixed and set by deionized water (powder to water ratio = 3:1). Changes in radiopacity, diametral tensile strength (DTS), and in vitro cell viability of the hydrated MTA-like cement were carried out. The experimental results showed that the group containing radiopacifier from sol-gelled Bi/Hf (90/10) exhibited significantly higher radiopacity (6.36 ± 0.34 mmAl), DTS (2.54 ± 0.29 MPa), and cell viability (84.0±8.1%) (p < 0.05) when compared to that of Bi/Hf (100/0) powders. It is suggested that the formation of β-Bi7.78Hf0.22O12.11 phase with hafnium addition and calcining at 700 °C can prepare novel bismuth/haf-nium composite powder that can be used as an alternative radiopacifier for root canal filling mate-rials.

Original languageEnglish
Article number7292
JournalApplied Sciences (Switzerland)
Volume11
Issue number16
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2 Aug 2021

Keywords*

  • Biocompatibility
  • Mineral trioxide aggregate
  • Radiopacity
  • Sol-gel

Field of Science*

  • 3.1 Basic medicine
  • 3.4 Medical biotechnology
  • 1.4 Chemical sciences

Publication Type*

  • 1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database

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