TY - JOUR
T1 - Adjuvant immunotherapy in the modern management of resectable melanoma
T2 - current status and outlook to 2028
AU - Donia, M
AU - Jespersen, H
AU - Jalving, M
AU - Lee, R
AU - Eriksson, H
AU - Hoeller, C
AU - Hernberg, M
AU - Gavrilova, I
AU - Kandolf, L
AU - Liszkay, G
AU - Helgadottir, H
AU - Zhukavets, A
AU - Pjanova, Dace
AU - Marquez-Rodas, I
AU - Neyns, B
AU - Westgeest, H
AU - Pourmir, I
AU - Sobczuk, P
AU - Ellebaek, E
AU - Amaral, T
N1 - Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2025/3
Y1 - 2025/3
N2 - BACKGROUND: Therapeutic advances have reshaped the treatment landscape for patients with resectable melanoma, particularly for those with stage IIB/C and stage III disease. In this article, we discuss the current status and future outlook of adjuvant immunotherapy for melanoma in Europe.RESULTS: Adjuvant immunotherapy offers significant benefits in terms of recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Uncertainties regarding overall survival (OS) benefits, however, remain. Trials such as Keynote-054, which are expected to provide crucial OS information, have delayed their final analyses until 2027. Additionally, real-world studies have raised questions about the correlation between recurrence-free survival/distant metastasis-free survival improvements observed in clinical trials and OS outcomes in routine clinical practice. These uncertainties have led to ongoing debates about the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant therapies, with disparities in reimbursement policies across Europe reflecting these concerns.CONCLUSION: Looking ahead to 2028, adjuvant immunotherapy will remain a key option of comprehensive melanoma care, particularly for patients with stage IIB/C and stage III with micrometastatic disease, where neoadjuvant immunotherapy is not feasible.
AB - BACKGROUND: Therapeutic advances have reshaped the treatment landscape for patients with resectable melanoma, particularly for those with stage IIB/C and stage III disease. In this article, we discuss the current status and future outlook of adjuvant immunotherapy for melanoma in Europe.RESULTS: Adjuvant immunotherapy offers significant benefits in terms of recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Uncertainties regarding overall survival (OS) benefits, however, remain. Trials such as Keynote-054, which are expected to provide crucial OS information, have delayed their final analyses until 2027. Additionally, real-world studies have raised questions about the correlation between recurrence-free survival/distant metastasis-free survival improvements observed in clinical trials and OS outcomes in routine clinical practice. These uncertainties have led to ongoing debates about the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant therapies, with disparities in reimbursement policies across Europe reflecting these concerns.CONCLUSION: Looking ahead to 2028, adjuvant immunotherapy will remain a key option of comprehensive melanoma care, particularly for patients with stage IIB/C and stage III with micrometastatic disease, where neoadjuvant immunotherapy is not feasible.
KW - Humans
KW - Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
KW - Europe
KW - Immunotherapy/methods
KW - Melanoma/therapy
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85217956177
U2 - 10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104295
DO - 10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104295
M3 - Article
C2 - 39954389
SN - 2059-7029
VL - 10
JO - ESMO Open
JF - ESMO Open
IS - 3
M1 - 104295
ER -