Anti-oxidative system parameters in short period of related energy deficiency and physical load

Introduction.
The physical endurance exercises are important part of process for training professional skills and improving results of performance. The high physical load with dietary limits leads to conditions when total energy expenditure higher than energy intake. Related energy deficiency has impact on physical and cognitive performance, it could lead to changes of antioxidative system biochemical markers, oxidative stress expression. There are no makers how to identify individuals who are more vulnerable to oxidative stress disorders in such condition. We hypothesised that physical preparedness level may be predisposing factors that in case of heavy physical training leads to changes of oxidative stress markers in blood plasma.
Aim.
The purpose of study was characterized changes of anti-oxidative system parameters in in short term related energy deficit and associate oxidative stress markers, total antioxidant capacity status with physical preparedness.
Material and methods.
The study group included 56 healthy persons in aged from 23 till 30 years. They participated in 10 days long total 24 hours high intensity physical training with aerobic and strength training elements, and combination of related energy deficiency. Dietary limits characterized with one meal had 700-800 kcal energy volume in day, no water limits. The antioxidative system activity was investigated by detection of superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and total antioxidants capacity (TAC), glutathione system markers in plasma. Participants tested three times before physical load directly after physical load and after three weeks long period of rest.
Results.
The results revealed lowering of enzymatic proteins SOD activity that connected to participants ‘reaction on free radical elements – increasing of concentration during specific conditions of high physical load. The parameter of the non-enzymatic proteins of the antioxidative system (TAC) did not change during the intensive training that assess positively. The specific condition effect manifested in increased of oxidative glutathione concentration and lowering of glutathione index. Oxidative stress index is classified as low after ten days of intensive training.
Conclusions.
During the intensive training we determined increasing of reserve of on antioxidative system, that concern optimizing the adaptation of participants oxidative stress in specific short term of related energy deficiency and physical load conditions, that minimized the training-related injuries and enhancing the physical performance.