Association between physical fitness, cardiovascular health risk factors and glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes

Evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular health risk factors and glycemic control outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes. 56 subjects (females 37 and males 19), mean age 59.1 (± 9.3) years with T2DM history of 7.1 (±5.2) years were recruited by contacting the local doctors. Physical fitness related outcomes indicated that 48.6% reported good physical activity level (> 3000 METmin/ week), and 75% presented satisfactory exercise tolerance during cardiac exercise stress test. The mean results for waist-to-hip ratio and BMI was 0.95 ± 0.08 cm and 37.2 ± 5.0, respectively. The mean outcome of VO2 peak was 21.9 ±5.2 mL/min/kg. There was a significant difference between genders in achieved %max HR during cardiac exercise stress test ( p<0.05) and relative V02 peak (p<0.05). Cardiovascular risk assessment outcomes indicated that mean of the ST/heart rate index was 0.71±0.58 and Robinson index was 241±47.6. The mean of total cholesterol was 5.2±1.1mmol/L. Glycemic control mean outcomes were HbAc1 6.8±1.2%, fasting glucose 7.4 ±2.5 mmol/L and HOMA index 4.86 ±3.7. Relationship analyses presented moderate correlation between VO2 peak relative and duration of cardiac exercise stress test (r=0.51; p<0.05). Findings of this study indicated that patients with T2D have a reduced physical fitness due to high BMI, low cardiovascular level and increased glycemic control scores. The higher relative VO2 peak the longer duration of cardiac exercise stress test. LU Foundation SIA «Mikrotīkls» MikroTik (project nr.2189)