TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of Tumor Mutational Burden with Efficacy of Pembrolizumab±Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy for Gastric Cancer in the Phase III KEYNOTE-062 Study
AU - Lee, Keun Wook
AU - Van Cutsem, Eric
AU - Bang, Yung Jue
AU - Fuchs, Charles S.
AU - Kudaba, Iveta
AU - Garrido, Marcelo
AU - Chung, Hyun Cheol
AU - Lee, Jeeyun
AU - Castro, Hugo R.
AU - Chao, Joseph
AU - Wainberg, Zev A.
AU - Cao, Z. Alexander
AU - Aurora-Garg, Deepti
AU - Kobie, Julie
AU - Cristescu, Razvan
AU - Bhagia, Pooja
AU - Shah, Sukrut
AU - Tabernero, Josep
AU - Shitara, Kohei
AU - Wyrwicz, Lucjan
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ. The funder participated in the study design, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing, and maintained the study database. All authors had full access to the data and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. The authors thank the patients and their families and caregivers as well as the primary investigators and site personnel for participating in the study. Medical writing and/or editorial assistance was provided by Melanie Sweetlove, MSc, Maxwell Chang, and Holly C. Cappelli, PhD, CMPP, of ApotheCom. This assistance was funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Association for Cancer Research.
PY - 2022/8/15
Y1 - 2022/8/15
N2 - Purpose: This prespecified exploratory analysis evaluated the association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) status and outcomes of first-line pembrolizumab-chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in KEYNOTE-062. Patients and Methods: In patients with advanced gastric cancer and evaluable TMB data, we evaluated the association between TMB (continuous variable; square root scale) assessed with FoundationOne CDx and clinical outcomes [objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS)] using logistic (ORR) and Cox proportional hazards (PFS, OS) regression models. Clinical utility of TMB was assessed using the prespecified cutoff of 10 mut/Mb. Results: TMB data were available for 306 of 763 patients (40.1%; pembrolizumab, 107; pembrolizumab+chemotherapy, 100; chemotherapy, 99). TMB was significantly associated with clinical outcomes in patients treated with pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab+chemotherapy (ORR, PFS, and OS; all P < 0.05) but not with chemotherapy (all P > 0.05). The overall prevalence of TMB ≥10 mut/Mb was 16% across treatment groups; 44% of patients who had TMB ≥10 mut/Mb had high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) tumors. Improved clinical outcomes (ORR, PFS, and OS) were observed in pembrolizumab-treated patients (pembrolizumab monotherapy and pembrolizumab+ chemotherapy) with TMB ≥10 mut/Mb. When the analysis was limited to the non-MSI-H subgroup, both the positive association between clinical outcomes with pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab+chemotherapy and TMB as a continuous variable and the clinical utility of pembrolizumab (with or without chemotherapy) versus chemotherapy by TMB cutoff were attenuated. Conclusions: This exploratory analysis of KEYNOTE-062 suggests an association between TMB and clinical efficacy with firstline pembrolizumab-based therapy in patients with advanced gastric/ gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. However, after the exclusion of patients with MSI-H tumors, the clinical utility of TMB was attenuated.
AB - Purpose: This prespecified exploratory analysis evaluated the association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) status and outcomes of first-line pembrolizumab-chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in KEYNOTE-062. Patients and Methods: In patients with advanced gastric cancer and evaluable TMB data, we evaluated the association between TMB (continuous variable; square root scale) assessed with FoundationOne CDx and clinical outcomes [objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS)] using logistic (ORR) and Cox proportional hazards (PFS, OS) regression models. Clinical utility of TMB was assessed using the prespecified cutoff of 10 mut/Mb. Results: TMB data were available for 306 of 763 patients (40.1%; pembrolizumab, 107; pembrolizumab+chemotherapy, 100; chemotherapy, 99). TMB was significantly associated with clinical outcomes in patients treated with pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab+chemotherapy (ORR, PFS, and OS; all P < 0.05) but not with chemotherapy (all P > 0.05). The overall prevalence of TMB ≥10 mut/Mb was 16% across treatment groups; 44% of patients who had TMB ≥10 mut/Mb had high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) tumors. Improved clinical outcomes (ORR, PFS, and OS) were observed in pembrolizumab-treated patients (pembrolizumab monotherapy and pembrolizumab+ chemotherapy) with TMB ≥10 mut/Mb. When the analysis was limited to the non-MSI-H subgroup, both the positive association between clinical outcomes with pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab+chemotherapy and TMB as a continuous variable and the clinical utility of pembrolizumab (with or without chemotherapy) versus chemotherapy by TMB cutoff were attenuated. Conclusions: This exploratory analysis of KEYNOTE-062 suggests an association between TMB and clinical efficacy with firstline pembrolizumab-based therapy in patients with advanced gastric/ gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. However, after the exclusion of patients with MSI-H tumors, the clinical utility of TMB was attenuated.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136340820&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0121
DO - 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0121
M3 - Article
C2 - 35657979
AN - SCOPUS:85136340820
SN - 1078-0432
VL - 28
SP - 3489
EP - 3498
JO - Clinical Cancer Research
JF - Clinical Cancer Research
IS - 16
ER -
