TY - JOUR
T1 - Global change in hepatitis C virus prevalence and cascade of care between 2015 and 2020
T2 - a modelling study
AU - Blach, Sarah
AU - Terrault, Norah A.
AU - Tacke, Frank
AU - Gamkrelidze, Ivane
AU - Craxi, Antonio
AU - Tanaka, Junko
AU - Waked, Imam
AU - Dore, Gregory J.
AU - Abbas, Zaigham
AU - Abdallah, Ayat R.
AU - Abdulla, Maheeba
AU - Aghemo, Alessio
AU - The Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators
A2 - Aho, Inka
A2 - Akarca, Ulus S.
A2 - Alalwan, Abduljaleel M.
A2 - Alanko Blomé, Marianne
A2 - Al-Busafi, Said A.
A2 - Aleman, Soo
A2 - Alghamdi, Abdullah S.
A2 - Al-Hamoudi, Waleed K.
A2 - Aljumah, Abdulrahman A.
A2 - Al-Naamani, Khalid
A2 - Al Serkal, Yousif M.
A2 - Altraif, Ibrahim H.
A2 - Anand, Anil C.
A2 - Anderson, Motswedi
A2 - Andersson, Monique I.
A2 - Athanasakis, Kostas
A2 - Baatarkhuu, Oidov
A2 - Bakieva, Shokhista R.
A2 - Ben-Ari, Ziv
A2 - Bessone, Fernando
A2 - Biondi, Mia J.
A2 - Bizri, Abdul Rahman N.
A2 - Brandão-Mello, Carlos E.
A2 - Brigida, Krestina
A2 - Brown, Kimberly A.
A2 - Brown,, Robert S.
A2 - Bruggmann, Philip
A2 - Brunetto, Maurizia R.
A2 - Busschots, Dana
A2 - Buti, Maria
A2 - Butsashvili, Maia
A2 - Cabezas, Joaquin
A2 - Chae, Chungman
A2 - Chaloska Ivanova, Viktorija
A2 - Chan, Henry Lik Yuen
A2 - Cheinquer, Hugo
A2 - Cheng, Kent Jason
A2 - Tolmane, Ieva
A2 - Jēruma, Agita
N1 - Funding Information:
This analysis was funded by a grant from the John C Martin Foundation (2019-G024) through the Polaris Observatory for low-income and middle-income countries. Grants for analyses in high-income countries and territories were provided by Gilead Sciences (IN-US-987–5808) and AbbVie (4200907861). ZeShan Foundation (2021–0101–1-CDA-HEP-10) supported country and regional analyses in Asia and The Hepatitis Fund supported country and regional analyses in Africa. We thank the Epidemiological Research Group on the Burden of Viral Hepatitis and Measures for its Elimination (grant number 19HC1001; led by JT) funded by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. We thank the contributors included in the appendix (pp 2–3), who contributed to the country or territory analyses but did not meet authorship requirements. Editorial note: the Lancet Group takes a neutral position with respect to territorial claims in published maps, tables, and institutional affiliations.
Funding Information:
This analysis was funded by a grant from the John C Martin Foundation (2019-G024) through the Polaris Observatory for low-income and middle-income countries. Grants for analyses in high-income countries and territories were provided by Gilead Sciences (IN-US-987–5808) and AbbVie (4200907861). ZeShan Foundation (2021–0101–1-CDA-HEP-10) supported country and regional analyses in Asia and The Hepatitis Fund supported country and regional analyses in Africa. We thank the Epidemiological Research Group on the Burden of Viral Hepatitis and Measures for its Elimination (grant number 19HC1001; led by JT) funded by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. We thank the contributors included in the appendix (pp 2–3) , who contributed to the country or territory analyses but did not meet authorship requirements.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Background: Since the release of the first global hepatitis elimination targets in 2016, and until the COVID-19 pandemic started in early 2020, many countries and territories were making progress toward hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination. This study aims to evaluate HCV burden in 2020, and forecast HCV burden by 2030 given current trends. Methods: This analysis includes a literature review, Delphi process, and mathematical modelling to estimate HCV prevalence (viraemic infection, defined as HCV RNA-positive cases) and the cascade of care among people of all ages (age ≥0 years from birth) for the period between Jan 1, 2015, and Dec 31, 2030. Epidemiological data were collected from published sources and grey literature (including government reports and personal communications) and were validated among country and territory experts. A Markov model was used to forecast disease burden and cascade of care from 1950 to 2050 for countries and territories with data. Model outcomes were extracted from 2015 to 2030 to calculate population-weighted regional averages, which were used for countries or territories without data. Regional and global estimates of HCV prevalence, cascade of care, and disease burden were calculated based on 235 countries and territories. Findings: Models were built for 110 countries or territories: 83 were approved by local experts and 27 were based on published data alone. Using data from these models, plus population-weighted regional averages for countries and territories without models (n=125), we estimated a global prevalence of viraemic HCV infection of 0·7% (95% UI 0·7–0·9), corresponding to 56·8 million (95% UI 55·2–67·8) infections, on Jan 1, 2020. This number represents a decrease of 6·8 million viraemic infections from a 2015 (beginning of year) prevalence estimate of 63·6 million (61·8–75·8) infections (0·9% [0·8–1·0] prevalence). By the end of 2020, an estimated 12·9 million (12·5–15·4) people were living with a diagnosed viraemic infection. In 2020, an estimated 641 000 (623 000–765 000) patients initiated treatment. Interpretation: At the beginning of 2020, there were an estimated 56·8 million viraemic HCV infections globally. Although this number represents a decrease from 2015, our forecasts suggest we are not currently on track to achieve global elimination targets by 2030. As countries recover from COVID-19, these findings can help refocus efforts aimed at HCV elimination. Funding: John C Martin Foundation, Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, ZeShan Foundation, and The Hepatitis Fund.
AB - Background: Since the release of the first global hepatitis elimination targets in 2016, and until the COVID-19 pandemic started in early 2020, many countries and territories were making progress toward hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination. This study aims to evaluate HCV burden in 2020, and forecast HCV burden by 2030 given current trends. Methods: This analysis includes a literature review, Delphi process, and mathematical modelling to estimate HCV prevalence (viraemic infection, defined as HCV RNA-positive cases) and the cascade of care among people of all ages (age ≥0 years from birth) for the period between Jan 1, 2015, and Dec 31, 2030. Epidemiological data were collected from published sources and grey literature (including government reports and personal communications) and were validated among country and territory experts. A Markov model was used to forecast disease burden and cascade of care from 1950 to 2050 for countries and territories with data. Model outcomes were extracted from 2015 to 2030 to calculate population-weighted regional averages, which were used for countries or territories without data. Regional and global estimates of HCV prevalence, cascade of care, and disease burden were calculated based on 235 countries and territories. Findings: Models were built for 110 countries or territories: 83 were approved by local experts and 27 were based on published data alone. Using data from these models, plus population-weighted regional averages for countries and territories without models (n=125), we estimated a global prevalence of viraemic HCV infection of 0·7% (95% UI 0·7–0·9), corresponding to 56·8 million (95% UI 55·2–67·8) infections, on Jan 1, 2020. This number represents a decrease of 6·8 million viraemic infections from a 2015 (beginning of year) prevalence estimate of 63·6 million (61·8–75·8) infections (0·9% [0·8–1·0] prevalence). By the end of 2020, an estimated 12·9 million (12·5–15·4) people were living with a diagnosed viraemic infection. In 2020, an estimated 641 000 (623 000–765 000) patients initiated treatment. Interpretation: At the beginning of 2020, there were an estimated 56·8 million viraemic HCV infections globally. Although this number represents a decrease from 2015, our forecasts suggest we are not currently on track to achieve global elimination targets by 2030. As countries recover from COVID-19, these findings can help refocus efforts aimed at HCV elimination. Funding: John C Martin Foundation, Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, ZeShan Foundation, and The Hepatitis Fund.
KW - hepatitis C
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85125709983&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35180382/
UR - https://www-webofscience-com.db.rsu.lv/wos/alldb/full-record/WOS:000820975100014
U2 - 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00472-6
DO - 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00472-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 35180382
AN - SCOPUS:85125709983
SN - 2468-1253
VL - 7
SP - 396
EP - 415
JO - The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
JF - The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
IS - 5
ER -
