Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project

Yangyupei Yang; Maria Deloria Knoll; Carly Herbert; Julia C. Bennett; Daniel R. Feikin; Maria Garcia Quesada; Marissa K. Hetrich; Scott L. Zeger; Eunice W. Kagucia; Melody Xiao; Adam L. Cohen; Mark van der Linden; Mignon du Plessis; Inci Yildirim; Brita A. Winje; Emmanuelle Varon; Maria Teresa Valenzuela; Palle Valentiner-Branth; Anneke Steens; J. Anthony Scott; Larisa Savrasova; Juan Carlos Sanz; Aalisha Sahu Khan; Kazunori Oishi; Néhémie Nzoyikorera; J. Pekka Nuorti; Jolita Mereckiene; Kimberley McMahon; Allison McGeer; Grant A. Mackenzie; Laura MacDonald; Shamez N. Ladhani; Karl G. Kristinsson; Jackie Kleynhans; James D. Kellner; Sanjay Jayasinghe; Pak Leung Ho; Markus Hilty; Laura L. Hammitt; Marcela Guevara; Charlotte Gilkison; Ryan Gierke; Stefanie Desmet; Philippe De Wals; Ron Dagan; Edoardo Colzani; Pilar Ciruela; Urtnasan Chuluunbat; Guanhao Chan; Romina Camilli; Michael G. Bruce; Maria Cristina C. Brandileone; Krow Ampofo; Katherine L. O'Brien; Kyla Hayford; The PSERENADE Team

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426

Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project

Yangyupei Yang (Corresponding Author)
, Maria Deloria Knoll (Corresponding Author)
, Carly Herbert
, Julia C. Bennett
, Daniel R. Feikin
, Maria Garcia Quesada
, Marissa K. Hetrich
, Scott L. Zeger
, Eunice W. Kagucia
, Melody Xiao
, Adam L. Cohen
, Mark van der Linden
, Mignon du Plessis
, Inci Yildirim
, Brita A. Winje
, Emmanuelle Varon
, Maria Teresa Valenzuela
, Palle Valentiner-Branth
, Anneke Steens
, J. Anthony Scott

Larisa Savrasova, Juan Carlos Sanz, Aalisha Sahu Khan, Kazunori Oishi, Néhémie Nzoyikorera, J. Pekka Nuorti, Jolita Mereckiene, Kimberley McMahon, Allison McGeer, Grant A. Mackenzie, Laura MacDonald, Shamez N. Ladhani, Karl G. Kristinsson, Jackie Kleynhans, James D. Kellner, Sanjay Jayasinghe, Pak Leung Ho, Markus Hilty, Laura L. Hammitt, Marcela Guevara, Charlotte Gilkison, Ryan Gierke, Stefanie Desmet, Philippe De Wals, Ron Dagan, Edoardo Colzani, Pilar Ciruela, Urtnasan Chuluunbat, Guanhao Chan, Romina Camilli, Michael G. Bruce, Maria Cristina C. Brandileone, Krow Ampofo, Katherine L. O'Brien, Kyla Hayford, The PSERENADE Team

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally. Methods: The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally. Site-specific meningitis incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing pre-PCV incidence to each year post-PCV10/13 were estimated by age (<5, 5–17 and ≥18 years) using Bayesian multi-level mixed effects Poisson regression, accounting for pre-PCV trends. All-site weighted average IRRs were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression stratified by age, product (PCV10 or PCV13) and prior PCV7 impact (none, moderate, or substantial). Changes in pneumococcal meningitis incidence were estimated overall and for product-specific vaccine-types and non-PCV13-types. Results: Analyses included 10,168 cases <5 y from PCV13 sites and 2849 from PCV10 sites, 3711 and 1549 for 5–17 y and 29,187 and 5653 for ≥18 y from 42 surveillance sites (30 PCV13, 12 PCV10, 2 PCV10/13) in 30 countries, primarily high-income (84%). Six years after PCV10/PCV13 introduction, pneumococcal meningitis declined 48–74% across products and PCV7 impact strata for children <5 y, 35–62% for 5–17 y and 0–36% for ≥18 y. Impact against PCV10-types at PCV10 sites, and PCV13-types at PCV13 sites was high for all age groups (<5 y: 96–100%; 5–17 y: 77–85%; ≥18 y: 73–85%). After switching from PCV7 to PCV10/13, increases in non-PCV13-types were generally low to none for all age groups. Conclusion: Pneumococcal meningitis declined in all age groups following PCV10/PCV13 introduction. Plateaus in non-PCV13-type meningitis suggest less replacement than for all IPD. Data from meningitis belt and high-burden settings were limited.

Original language	English
Article number	106426
Journal	Journal of Infection
Volume	90
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426
Publication status	Published - Mar 2025

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords*

Incidence
Indirect protection
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
Pneumococcal meningitis
Serotype replacement
Serotypes
Vaccine impact

Field of Science*

3.3 Health sciences

Publication Type*

1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426Licence: CC BY

Cite this

Yang, Y., Knoll, M. D., Herbert, C., Bennett, J. C., Feikin, D. R., Garcia Quesada, M., Hetrich, M. K., Zeger, S. L., Kagucia, E. W., Xiao, M., Cohen, A. L., van der Linden, M., du Plessis, M., Yildirim, I., Winje, B. A., Varon, E., Valenzuela, M. T., Valentiner-Branth, P., Steens, A., ... The PSERENADE Team (2025). Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project. Journal of Infection, 90(3), Article 106426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426

@article{7b12022b94fb460ca2299fca122015e8,

title = "Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project",

abstract = "Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally. Methods: The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally. Site-specific meningitis incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing pre-PCV incidence to each year post-PCV10/13 were estimated by age (<5, 5–17 and ≥18 years) using Bayesian multi-level mixed effects Poisson regression, accounting for pre-PCV trends. All-site weighted average IRRs were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression stratified by age, product (PCV10 or PCV13) and prior PCV7 impact (none, moderate, or substantial). Changes in pneumococcal meningitis incidence were estimated overall and for product-specific vaccine-types and non-PCV13-types. Results: Analyses included 10,168 cases <5 y from PCV13 sites and 2849 from PCV10 sites, 3711 and 1549 for 5–17 y and 29,187 and 5653 for ≥18 y from 42 surveillance sites (30 PCV13, 12 PCV10, 2 PCV10/13) in 30 countries, primarily high-income (84\%). Six years after PCV10/PCV13 introduction, pneumococcal meningitis declined 48–74\% across products and PCV7 impact strata for children <5 y, 35–62\% for 5–17 y and 0–36\% for ≥18 y. Impact against PCV10-types at PCV10 sites, and PCV13-types at PCV13 sites was high for all age groups (<5 y: 96–100\%; 5–17 y: 77–85\%; ≥18 y: 73–85\%). After switching from PCV7 to PCV10/13, increases in non-PCV13-types were generally low to none for all age groups. Conclusion: Pneumococcal meningitis declined in all age groups following PCV10/PCV13 introduction. Plateaus in non-PCV13-type meningitis suggest less replacement than for all IPD. Data from meningitis belt and high-burden settings were limited.",

keywords = "Incidence, Indirect protection, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, Pneumococcal meningitis, Serotype replacement, Serotypes, Vaccine impact",

author = "Yangyupei Yang and Knoll, \{Maria Deloria\} and Carly Herbert and Bennett, \{Julia C.\} and Feikin, \{Daniel R.\} and \{Garcia Quesada\}, Maria and Hetrich, \{Marissa K.\} and Zeger, \{Scott L.\} and Kagucia, \{Eunice W.\} and Melody Xiao and Cohen, \{Adam L.\} and \{van der Linden\}, Mark and \{du Plessis\}, Mignon and Inci Yildirim and Winje, \{Brita A.\} and Emmanuelle Varon and Valenzuela, \{Maria Teresa\} and Palle Valentiner-Branth and Anneke Steens and Scott, \{J. Anthony\} and Larisa Savrasova and Sanz, \{Juan Carlos\} and Khan, \{Aalisha Sahu\} and Kazunori Oishi and N{\'e}h{\'e}mie Nzoyikorera and Nuorti, \{J. Pekka\} and Jolita Mereckiene and Kimberley McMahon and Allison McGeer and Mackenzie, \{Grant A.\} and Laura MacDonald and Ladhani, \{Shamez N.\} and Kristinsson, \{Karl G.\} and Jackie Kleynhans and Kellner, \{James D.\} and Sanjay Jayasinghe and Ho, \{Pak Leung\} and Markus Hilty and Hammitt, \{Laura L.\} and Marcela Guevara and Charlotte Gilkison and Ryan Gierke and Stefanie Desmet and \{De Wals\}, Philippe and Ron Dagan and Edoardo Colzani and Pilar Ciruela and Urtnasan Chuluunbat and Guanhao Chan and Romina Camilli and Bruce, \{Michael G.\} and Brandileone, \{Maria Cristina C.\} and Krow Ampofo and O'Brien, \{Katherine L.\} and Kyla Hayford and \{The PSERENADE Team\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s)",

year = "2025",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426",

language = "English",

volume = "90",

journal = "Journal of Infection",

issn = "0163-4453",

publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",

number = "3",

}

Yang, Y, Knoll, MD, Herbert, C, Bennett, JC, Feikin, DR, Garcia Quesada, M, Hetrich, MK, Zeger, SL, Kagucia, EW, Xiao, M, Cohen, AL, van der Linden, M, du Plessis, M, Yildirim, I, Winje, BA, Varon, E, Valenzuela, MT, Valentiner-Branth, P, Steens, A, Scott, JA, Savrasova, L, Sanz, JC, Khan, AS, Oishi, K, Nzoyikorera, N, Nuorti, JP, Mereckiene, J, McMahon, K, McGeer, A, Mackenzie, GA, MacDonald, L, Ladhani, SN, Kristinsson, KG, Kleynhans, J, Kellner, JD, Jayasinghe, S, Ho, PL, Hilty, M, Hammitt, LL, Guevara, M, Gilkison, C, Gierke, R, Desmet, S, De Wals, P, Dagan, R, Colzani, E, Ciruela, P, Chuluunbat, U, Chan, G, Camilli, R, Bruce, MG, Brandileone, MCC, Ampofo, K, O'Brien, KL, Hayford, K & The PSERENADE Team 2025, 'Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project', Journal of Infection, vol. 90, no. 3, 106426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426

TY - JOUR

T1 - Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages

T2 - The PSERENADE project

AU - Yang, Yangyupei

AU - Knoll, Maria Deloria

AU - Herbert, Carly

AU - Bennett, Julia C.

AU - Feikin, Daniel R.

AU - Garcia Quesada, Maria

AU - Hetrich, Marissa K.

AU - Zeger, Scott L.

AU - Kagucia, Eunice W.

AU - Xiao, Melody

AU - Cohen, Adam L.

AU - van der Linden, Mark

AU - du Plessis, Mignon

AU - Yildirim, Inci

AU - Winje, Brita A.

AU - Varon, Emmanuelle

AU - Valenzuela, Maria Teresa

AU - Valentiner-Branth, Palle

AU - Steens, Anneke

AU - Scott, J. Anthony

AU - Savrasova, Larisa

AU - Sanz, Juan Carlos

AU - Khan, Aalisha Sahu

AU - Oishi, Kazunori

AU - Nzoyikorera, Néhémie

AU - Nuorti, J. Pekka

AU - Mereckiene, Jolita

AU - McMahon, Kimberley

AU - McGeer, Allison

AU - Mackenzie, Grant A.

AU - MacDonald, Laura

AU - Ladhani, Shamez N.

AU - Kristinsson, Karl G.

AU - Kleynhans, Jackie

AU - Kellner, James D.

AU - Jayasinghe, Sanjay

AU - Ho, Pak Leung

AU - Hilty, Markus

AU - Hammitt, Laura L.

AU - Guevara, Marcela

AU - Gilkison, Charlotte

AU - Gierke, Ryan

AU - Desmet, Stefanie

AU - De Wals, Philippe

AU - Dagan, Ron

AU - Colzani, Edoardo

AU - Ciruela, Pilar

AU - Chuluunbat, Urtnasan

AU - Chan, Guanhao

AU - Camilli, Romina

AU - Bruce, Michael G.

AU - Brandileone, Maria Cristina C.

AU - Ampofo, Krow

AU - O'Brien, Katherine L.

AU - Hayford, Kyla

AU - The PSERENADE Team

PY - 2025/3

Y1 - 2025/3

N2 - Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally. Methods: The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally. Site-specific meningitis incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing pre-PCV incidence to each year post-PCV10/13 were estimated by age (<5, 5–17 and ≥18 years) using Bayesian multi-level mixed effects Poisson regression, accounting for pre-PCV trends. All-site weighted average IRRs were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression stratified by age, product (PCV10 or PCV13) and prior PCV7 impact (none, moderate, or substantial). Changes in pneumococcal meningitis incidence were estimated overall and for product-specific vaccine-types and non-PCV13-types. Results: Analyses included 10,168 cases <5 y from PCV13 sites and 2849 from PCV10 sites, 3711 and 1549 for 5–17 y and 29,187 and 5653 for ≥18 y from 42 surveillance sites (30 PCV13, 12 PCV10, 2 PCV10/13) in 30 countries, primarily high-income (84%). Six years after PCV10/PCV13 introduction, pneumococcal meningitis declined 48–74% across products and PCV7 impact strata for children <5 y, 35–62% for 5–17 y and 0–36% for ≥18 y. Impact against PCV10-types at PCV10 sites, and PCV13-types at PCV13 sites was high for all age groups (<5 y: 96–100%; 5–17 y: 77–85%; ≥18 y: 73–85%). After switching from PCV7 to PCV10/13, increases in non-PCV13-types were generally low to none for all age groups. Conclusion: Pneumococcal meningitis declined in all age groups following PCV10/PCV13 introduction. Plateaus in non-PCV13-type meningitis suggest less replacement than for all IPD. Data from meningitis belt and high-burden settings were limited.

AB - Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally. Methods: The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally. Site-specific meningitis incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing pre-PCV incidence to each year post-PCV10/13 were estimated by age (<5, 5–17 and ≥18 years) using Bayesian multi-level mixed effects Poisson regression, accounting for pre-PCV trends. All-site weighted average IRRs were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression stratified by age, product (PCV10 or PCV13) and prior PCV7 impact (none, moderate, or substantial). Changes in pneumococcal meningitis incidence were estimated overall and for product-specific vaccine-types and non-PCV13-types. Results: Analyses included 10,168 cases <5 y from PCV13 sites and 2849 from PCV10 sites, 3711 and 1549 for 5–17 y and 29,187 and 5653 for ≥18 y from 42 surveillance sites (30 PCV13, 12 PCV10, 2 PCV10/13) in 30 countries, primarily high-income (84%). Six years after PCV10/PCV13 introduction, pneumococcal meningitis declined 48–74% across products and PCV7 impact strata for children <5 y, 35–62% for 5–17 y and 0–36% for ≥18 y. Impact against PCV10-types at PCV10 sites, and PCV13-types at PCV13 sites was high for all age groups (<5 y: 96–100%; 5–17 y: 77–85%; ≥18 y: 73–85%). After switching from PCV7 to PCV10/13, increases in non-PCV13-types were generally low to none for all age groups. Conclusion: Pneumococcal meningitis declined in all age groups following PCV10/PCV13 introduction. Plateaus in non-PCV13-type meningitis suggest less replacement than for all IPD. Data from meningitis belt and high-burden settings were limited.

KW - Incidence

KW - Indirect protection

KW - Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

KW - Pneumococcal meningitis

KW - Serotype replacement

KW - Serotypes

KW - Vaccine impact

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85217119857

UR - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11879884/

U2 - 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426

DO - 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426

M3 - Article

C2 - 39864526

AN - SCOPUS:85217119857

SN - 0163-4453

VL - 90

JO - Journal of Infection

JF - Journal of Infection

IS - 3

M1 - 106426

ER -

Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords*

Field of Science*

Publication Type*

Access to Document

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