Immunohistochemical Evaluation of the Cleft-Affected Scar Tissue Three Decades Post-Corrective Surgery: A Rare Case Report

Māra Pilmane, Nityanand Jain (Corresponding Author), Elīna Nadziņa, Pavlo Fedirko, Gunta Sumeraga

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Abstract

Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital malformations which require early primary cleft surgery in all infants. The surgical treatment of cleft lip and palate deformities results in the formation of scar tissue. However, the scarred tissue has sparsely been immunohistochemically evaluated to date. Herein, we report the differences in the cellular expression of various proteins in the scar and nearby healthy tissue of a 35-year-old patient who underwent cleft correction surgery during infancy. The scar tissue showed basal cell proliferation, prominent cysts, and fibrotic connective tissue. An increased expression of both interleukin 1a (IL-1a) and IL-10 in the scar tissue was noted, although the balance favored an anti-inflammatory environment. No differences in the expression of matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) and TIMP-2 were found whilst an increased expression of PAX-9 and MSX-1 was observed in the scar tissue, which colocalized with RYK expression. Temporal studies like the present one can aid in advancing our understanding of the longitudinal processes governing wound healing morpho-pathogenesis in cleft-affected patients.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)52-58
Number of pages7
JournalActa Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports
Volume7
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 23 Nov 2022

Keywords*

  • Cleft palate
  • Scar tissue
  • Wound repair
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Interleukins
  • Growth factors

Field of Science*

  • 3.1 Basic medicine
  • 3.2 Clinical medicine

Publication Type*

  • 1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database

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