Knowledge of Latvian family physicians on breastfeeding and related issues

Objectives
Scientific research consistently supports the positive impact of breastfeeding on the health of both infants and mothers. Given the check-ups and consultations provided within primary healthcare for pregnant women, women in the postpartum period, and infants, it is crucial to highlight the significance of family physicians’ role and expertise in matters related to infant feeding, breastfeeding, and related issues.
Materials and Methods
A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Latvia from June to October 2024. The questionnaire consists of 30 true/false statements about breastfeeding as well as several questions on demographic data and ways of acquiring knowledge. Statistical analysis was performed with collected data with IBM SPSS.
Results
Of the 1,226 family doctors invited to participate, 240 (19.6%) completed the survey. The majority of respondents were female (93.3%). The most represented age groups were 31–40 (28.7%), 41-50 (20.4%) and over 60 years (37.1%). The mean knowledge score was 78% ± 13% (SD) . High level of knowledge (23 or more correct answers from 30) was demonstrated by 64.2% of participants. Most respondents (79.2%) acquired information about breastfeeding through self-directed learning. However, 48.3% of doctors held misconceptions about the role of colostrum in preventing neonatal jaundice, and 51.7% incorrectly recommended discontinuing breastfeeding in cases of cracked nipples. We found differences between participants’ age and level of knowledge: the younger the participant, the higher their level of knowledge (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Family physicians generally displayed good knowledge of breastfeeding, however, older doctors were more likely to have an average level of knowledge, whereas younger doctors tended to exhibit a higher level. Health related professions should ensure access to up-to-date information on breastfeeding and its associated challenges.