Limitation of COVID-19: international experience and management strategies

The aim of the article is to study international experience in the area of limitation of COVID-19 and strategies for overcoming its negative consequences. Descriptive, analytical, synthetic and modelling methods, as well as methods of interpretation of legal norms are used in the study. The authors analyse international and national legal regulations in the area of limitation of COVID-19, as well as the results of particular studies in this field. The epidemiological, social, economic, legal and other impacts of COVID-19 on modern society are comprehensive and possible long-term. All regions of the world have been affected by the pandemic.   Analysing the European experience and experience of other regions in pandemic management it can be concluded that there are three main strategies for limitation of COVID-19. There is a liberal strategy with the lowest restrictive measures for natural and legal persons (Sweden). Most restrictive measures are of an advisory nature. The second one is a repressive strategy in which a number of countries impose regulatory restrictions and there is a specific liability for their breach. At certain times the activities of people, enterprises and institutions are subject to strict control, curfew and quarantine are possible (Lithuania, Spain, Belgium). The third strategy, conditionally, is a hybrid strategy where a liberal approach can be combined with regulatory restrictive measures (Latvia, Estonia). The movement of people is recorded by video technologies (digital tracking, the installed application “Apturi Covid”), physical and social distance is common.  At present it is not possible to draw objective conclusions on the following: Which of the pandemic management strategies is the most effective one? Which of them has prevented high level of human mortality and infection? Which of the strategies has made it possible to maintain a sufficiently high standard of living?