Abstract
Strabismus is a common disorder of children and adults that affects up to 4% of general population. The aim of the present study was to describe the morphologic changes in human strabismic extraoccular muscle.
The histopathological study was conducted on 15 patients with strabismus. Tissues were processed
for IGF-1, IGFR-1, TGF-β1, NGFR and PGP 9.5 by means of biotin-streptavidin immunohistochemistry.
In all specimens, atrophic degenerative changes were observed. The muscle fibers were heterogeneous in shape, size and colour. A chronic persistent perivascular inflammation with lymphocyte predominance, but also presence of neutrophils was observed, as well as neoangiogenesis. Also new myotube formation was detected. Numerous to moderate numbers of TGF-β1 positive endothelial cells and fibroblasts were observed. VEGF was seen in endothelium in moderate numbers. IGF-1 was seen occasionally in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Occasional IGFR1 positive endothelial, inflammation cells and connective tissue cells were observed. Numerous to moderate number of PGP 9.5 positive nerve fibers were seen in nerve bundles, among muscle fibers and endothelial cells. NGFR positive perivascular nerve fibers were mostly seen in low to moderate appearance.
Occasional to few numbers of structures positive for IGF-1 and its receptor indicate possible
disturbances in muscle fiber growth and regeneration in extraocular muscles in case of strabismus.
Moderate to numerous numbers of TGF-β1 positive structures indicate the continuing regeneration of
connective tissue and blood vessels in strabismus affected muscle. Notable numbers of VEGF positive
endothelial cells simultaneously to the sclerotic blood vessels and neoangiogenesis proves the tissue
ischemia in strabismus affected eye muscle. Presence of PGP 9.5 continuing nerve fibers excludes
innervation disorder in strabismus affected eye muscle.
The histopathological study was conducted on 15 patients with strabismus. Tissues were processed
for IGF-1, IGFR-1, TGF-β1, NGFR and PGP 9.5 by means of biotin-streptavidin immunohistochemistry.
In all specimens, atrophic degenerative changes were observed. The muscle fibers were heterogeneous in shape, size and colour. A chronic persistent perivascular inflammation with lymphocyte predominance, but also presence of neutrophils was observed, as well as neoangiogenesis. Also new myotube formation was detected. Numerous to moderate numbers of TGF-β1 positive endothelial cells and fibroblasts were observed. VEGF was seen in endothelium in moderate numbers. IGF-1 was seen occasionally in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Occasional IGFR1 positive endothelial, inflammation cells and connective tissue cells were observed. Numerous to moderate number of PGP 9.5 positive nerve fibers were seen in nerve bundles, among muscle fibers and endothelial cells. NGFR positive perivascular nerve fibers were mostly seen in low to moderate appearance.
Occasional to few numbers of structures positive for IGF-1 and its receptor indicate possible
disturbances in muscle fiber growth and regeneration in extraocular muscles in case of strabismus.
Moderate to numerous numbers of TGF-β1 positive structures indicate the continuing regeneration of
connective tissue and blood vessels in strabismus affected muscle. Notable numbers of VEGF positive
endothelial cells simultaneously to the sclerotic blood vessels and neoangiogenesis proves the tissue
ischemia in strabismus affected eye muscle. Presence of PGP 9.5 continuing nerve fibers excludes
innervation disorder in strabismus affected eye muscle.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Rīga Stradiņš University Collection of Scientific Papers 2013 |
| Subtitle of host publication | Research articles in medicine & pharmacy |
| Place of Publication | Rīga |
| Publisher | Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte |
| Pages | 61-69 |
| ISBN (Print) | 978-9984-793-43-6 |
| Publication status | Published - 2014 |
Publication series
| Name | Collection of Scientific Papers |
|---|---|
| Publisher | Rīga Stradiņš University |
| ISSN (Print) | 1691-497X |
Keywords*
- strabismus
- growth factors
- extraoccular muscles
Field of Science*
- 3.1 Basic medicine
- 3.2 Clinical medicine
Publication Type*
- 3.2. Articles or chapters in other proceedings other than those included in 3.1., with an ISBN or ISSN code