Necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates that carried out in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Children's Clinical University Hospital from 2017 to 2019

Compare tactics and outcome with previous research data (2000-2009). In retrospective study, carried out in NICU from 1 of January 2017 to 31 of December 2019, medical records of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) patients were analysed. 58 newborns with NEC were treated, more infants diagnosed with extremely low birth weight (27), very low birth weight (22), more common boys (57%). 35 out of newborns were breastfed before the diagnosis of NEC. In most common additional diagnosis: anemia (50), intraventricular haemorrhage (46), respiratory distress (45). The flora of NEC-associated sepsis is diverse. The clinical finding in 52 cases: bile retention (39), increased abdominal volume (19). X-rays show the diagnosis of NEC in 41% cases: the intestinal wall thickening (14), wall pneumatosis (6), free air in the abdominal cavity (5). Using the Ultrasonographic examination method, NEC is diagnosed in 30(52%) cases: the intestinal wall pneumatosis in 29 cases, wall thickening in 5 cases. 98.4% of children had changes in blood tests. 81% of infants were treated only conservatively, the most often used antibacterial agents such as Ampicillin, Gentamicin, Vancomycin. 11 had surgeries: laparocentesis with abdominal drainage in 2 cases, intestinal stoma formation in 8, multi-stage surgery in 1 (laparocentesis, followed by intestinal stoma). Newborns were treated 59% of the total hospitalization time in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. 7 infants with NEC died, 2 treated conservatively, 2 underwent surgically (laparocentesis with abdominal drainage). Typically, NEC is often diagnosed among newborns with extremely low birth weight- 47%. Additional diagnoses are associated with prematurity: anemia in 86%, IVH in 79%, RD in 78%. Radiological methods of examination possibility of the NEC diagnostics is the same. Emergency surgery is needed in fewer cases- 19% (2000-2009 years in 38%), postoperative mortality has also decreased- 29% (2000-2009 years 53%). The mortality of patients with NEC is still high (12%).