Abstract
Objective: The link between snus, periodontal diseases and oral malignancy is still in question in different
literature. This study aims to explore the impact of snus on mucosal lesions and oral malignancy along with
evaluation of strategies for snus cessation and approaches to communication with patients.
Methods: A questionnaire about tobacco consumption habits was made. A heavy snus group, a light snus
group and a control group were made. Oral biopsy samples were tested for protein gene product 9.5, tissue
inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2, chromogranin A and B, matrix metalloproteinase 2, interleukin-1,
interleukin-10 using immunohistochemical techniques. Periodontal pocket biofilms were tested with
combined polymerase chain reaction and were subsequently analyzed in order to determine the presence of
pathogenic periodontal bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis,
Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Prevotella intermedia.
Results: Biopsy results showed cellular disorganization, apoptosis, hyperkeratosis and prevalence of
keratotic seborrhea in the area of snus sachets. Microbiological examination revealed the presence of
periodontal pathogens in the snus users group. High concentration of pathogenic periodontal bacteria
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia was found in
groups of both heavy and light snus users, yet they were absent in the samples of the control group. High
concentration of Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola was also found in the groups of heavy and
light snus users, whereas they were present in samples of only two patients of the control group.
Conclusions: Snus changes cell function, it can lead to oral malignancy and promote periodontal disease
regardless of the frequency and amount of snus used.
KEYWORDS: snus, oral malignancy, dental biofilm, periodontal pathogens, addictive patient
literature. This study aims to explore the impact of snus on mucosal lesions and oral malignancy along with
evaluation of strategies for snus cessation and approaches to communication with patients.
Methods: A questionnaire about tobacco consumption habits was made. A heavy snus group, a light snus
group and a control group were made. Oral biopsy samples were tested for protein gene product 9.5, tissue
inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2, chromogranin A and B, matrix metalloproteinase 2, interleukin-1,
interleukin-10 using immunohistochemical techniques. Periodontal pocket biofilms were tested with
combined polymerase chain reaction and were subsequently analyzed in order to determine the presence of
pathogenic periodontal bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis,
Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Prevotella intermedia.
Results: Biopsy results showed cellular disorganization, apoptosis, hyperkeratosis and prevalence of
keratotic seborrhea in the area of snus sachets. Microbiological examination revealed the presence of
periodontal pathogens in the snus users group. High concentration of pathogenic periodontal bacteria
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia was found in
groups of both heavy and light snus users, yet they were absent in the samples of the control group. High
concentration of Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola was also found in the groups of heavy and
light snus users, whereas they were present in samples of only two patients of the control group.
Conclusions: Snus changes cell function, it can lead to oral malignancy and promote periodontal disease
regardless of the frequency and amount of snus used.
KEYWORDS: snus, oral malignancy, dental biofilm, periodontal pathogens, addictive patient
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 49-61 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series «Medicine». |
| Issue number | 43 |
| Publication status | Published - 9 Nov 2021 |
Field of Science*
- 3.1 Basic medicine
- 3.2 Clinical medicine
Publication Type*
- 1.4. Reviewed scientific article published in Latvia or abroad in a scientific journal with an editorial board (including university editions)