The evolution of Russia’s identity discourse in presidents’ speeches

In the last couple of years Russia has established for itself a reputation of a partner, whose national and power ambitions, do not know the bounds of international norms, laws, partnerships or governance. However, Russia and its need to build a strong image and curb a superpower place for itself in the international system, has been under way well before the crises in Ukraine, Syria or even Georgia. Actually, the first signs of a stable dominant national and foreign identity, independent and opposing the Western influencers of the 90's began to take shape with the ascendance of one particular person, to the realms of the political elite in Russia - Vladimir Putin.The current Russia's longest running leader has not only re-created a new self- awareness of the state of Russia and its people, he has also solidified the institution of the president as the single most important piece of governance in this country. Therefore, by analyzing the discourse of Vladimir Putin on the topic of Russia's identity we can clearly acknowledge an evolution of Russia's identity in the international realm, which, is not always consistent with its foreign policy goals and actions.This research has been carried out by applying the method of discourse analysis, to the interpretation of Vladimir Putin's speeches, made from 1999 - 2017. These include the Annual Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly, New Year's Eve speeches, annual live interviews “Direct Line with the President of Russia”, press conferences and “Valdai club” speeches.The study has shown that the discourse, articulated by Russia's current leader, concerning the identity realm of Russia, has been steadily moving from a pro-western to a nationalist, imperialistic and even military stance. The research explores different Russia's identity concepts and courses that have been identified in the speeches made by Vladimir Putin, in the course of the last, almost twenty years. These findings are a reflection of both Russia's current policy and possible future choices that Russia can potentially make, regarding both its inner and outer realm.