The histomorphometry of rabbit bone tissue with experimental osteoporosis after implantation of biphasic calcium phosphate materials

In this study we investigated the histomorphometry of rabbit bone tissue from the lower jaw. Authors hypothesized that local enhancement with biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic materials in the femur trochanter major area increases the trabecular bone volume outside the implantation zone in vivo. Twenty-two California female rabbits were included in this study and were divided into four groups. Four healthy rabbits composed a control group (A group), while other eighteen underwent ovariectomy. Bone defects were created in femur trochanter major region. Sham surgery group (B group) consisted of four female rabbits with osteoporosis and a bone defect, but no biomaterials were implanted. C group (seven rabbits) had created defects that were filled with granules of biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) 30/70). D group (seven rabbits) had defects that were filled with similar granules (also HAP/TCP 30/70) that were doped with strontium ions (5 % by weight). Twenty-two bone samples were taken from the premolar region of lower jaw. Trabecular bone area was measured using Image Pro Plus 7 software; three equal fields of view (0.975 mm²) were chosen at random for all bone samples. Results show that trabecular bone area in A group was 0.201 mm² (0.176– 0.233 mm²), which is statistically significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than in B group – 0.127 mm² (0.118–0.149 mm²), C group 0.136 mm² (0.108–0.166 mm²), and D group 0.135 mm² (0.126– 0.164 mm²). Statistically significant differences between B, C, and D groups were not found (p > 0.05).