Therapeutic use of nicergoline

Bengt Winblad, Mario Fioravanti, Tomas Dolezal, Inara Logina, Ivan Gospodinov Milanov, Dinu Cristian Popescu, Alina Solomon

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

78 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The ergot alkaloid derivative nicergoline became clinically available about 35 years ago in the 1970s. Nicergolin e has a broad spectrum of action: (i) as an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, it induces vasodilation and increases arterial blood flow; (ii) it enhances cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurotransmitter function; (iii) it inhibits platelet aggregation; (iv) it promotes metabolic activity, resulting in increased utilization of oxygen and glucose; and (v) it has neurotrophic and antioxidant properties. Acting on several basic pathophysiological mechanisms, nicergoline has therapeutic potential in a number of disorders. This article provides an overview of the published clinical evidence relating to the efficacy and safety of nicergoline (30 mg twice daily) in the treatment of dementia (including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia) and vascular and balance disorders. For dementia of different aetiologies, the therapeutic benefit of nicergoline has been established, with up to 89% of patients showing improvements in cognition and behaviour. After as little as 2 months of treatment, symptom improvement is apparent compared with placebo, and most patients are still improved or stable after 12 months. Concomitant neurophysiological changes in the brain indicate (after only 4-8 weeks' treatment) improved vigilance and information processing. In patients with balance disorders, mean improvements of 44-78% in symptom severity and quality of life have been observed with nicergoline. Although clinical experience with nicergoline in vascular disorders is limited to relatively short-term, small-scale studies, it has been successfully used in rehabilitation therapy of patients with chronic ischaemic stroke. Open-label evaluations suggest that nicergoline may also be valuable in glaucoma, depression and peripheral arterio-pathy. Adverse events of nicergoline, if any, are related to the central nervous system, the metabolic system and the overall body. Most are considered typical symptoms of ergot derivatives. Because of their generally mild and transient nature, treatment discontinuations occur relatively infrequently. The efficacy of nicergoline combined with a favourable safety and tolerability profile at commonly applied doses (60 mg/day) make this agent a valuable therapy in patients with mild to moderate dementia, vascular diseases and balance disorders.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)533-552
Number of pages20
JournalClinical Drug Investigation
Volume28
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2008

Keywords*

  • Alpha adrenergic receptor antagonists, therapeutic use
  • Dementia
  • Glaucoma
  • Nicergoline, therapeutic use
  • Parkinson's disease
  • Pruritus
  • Vascular disorder therapies, therapeutic use
  • Vertigo

Field of Science*

  • 3.2 Clinical medicine

Publication Type*

  • 1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database

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